---
document_type: "real_estate_listing_companion"
document_version: "property-markdown-v0.2"
mls_id: "21383047"
canonical_url: "https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/"
markdown_url: "https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047.md"
address: "633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087"
status: "Active"
price_usd: 463900
bedrooms: 4
bathrooms: "3"
living_area_sqft: 3201
lot_acres: 0.13
year_built: 2021
school_district: "Royse City ISD"
primary_image: "https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-01.jpeg"
image_count: 40
has_video: false
has_3d_tour: true
listing_source_updated_at: "2026-10-29T21:48:00.000Z"
listing_context_updated_at: "2026-10-29 23:20:30"
publisher: "Steavy Carter Realtor – Dallas and Rockwall, Texas"
---

# 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087

**MLS 21383047 · $463,900 · Active · 4 beds · 3 baths · 3,201 Sq Ft · 0.13 acres**

## Explore the Visual Property Page

- [Complete visual property page](https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/)

## Current Status and Data Freshness

- **Status:** Active
- **Current list price:** $463,900
- **MLS/listing source updated:** October 29, 2026
- **ListingContext updated:** October 29, 2026
- **Important:** Price, availability, schools, taxes, and listing status can change. Confirm time-sensitive information before relying on it.

## Fast Answers

- **How much is 633 Taylor Drive?** $463,900.
- **How large is the home?** 3,201 Sq Ft.
- **How much land is included?** 0.13 acres.
- **How many bedrooms and bathrooms?** 4 bedrooms and 3 full bathrooms.
- **How much garage or covered parking is reported?** 2 garage spaces.
- **What school district serves the property?** Royse City ISD. Buyers should verify current assignments directly with the district.
- **Are video and 3D tours available?** 3D tour only
- **What is the current CAD tax estimate?** Approximately $11,055 using the current recorded exemptions and rates. A buyer's future taxes may differ.

## Quick Facts

| Detail | Value |
|---|---|
| **MLS number** | 21383047 |
| **Price** | $463,900 |
| **Price per square foot** | $145 / Sq Ft |
| **Status** | Active |
| **Property type** | Residential / Single Family Residence |
| **Bedrooms** | 4 |
| **Bathrooms** | 3 |
| **Living area** | 3,201 Sq Ft |
| **Lot size** | 0.13 acres |
| **Year built** | 2021 |
| **Garage / covered parking** | 2 garage spaces |
| **School district** | Royse City ISD |
| **County** | Rockwall County |

## Detailed Listing Facts

### Overview

- **Property Type**: Residential
- **Property Subtype**: Single Family Residence
- **Subdivision**: Woodcreek Ph 9c-2
- **Community**: Woodcreek Ph 9c-2
- **County**: Rockwall
- **Days on Market**: 49

### Home

- **Bedrooms**: 4
- **Bathrooms**: 3
- **Full Baths**: 2
- **Half Baths**: 1
- **Square Feet**: 3,201 Sq Ft
- **Price / Sq Ft**: $145 / Sq Ft
- **Year Built**: 2021
- **Stories**: 2
- **Levels**: Two
- **Construction**: Brick
- **Property Attached**: Yes

### Kitchen and Interior

- **Appliances**: Built In Refrigerator, Dishwasher, Electric Oven, Gas Cooktop, Disposal
- **Interior Features**: Decorative Designer Lighting Fixtures, Eat In Kitchen, Granite Counters, High Speed Internet, Kitchen Island, Open Floorplan, Cable Tv
- **Heating**: Central, Electric
- **Cooling**: Central Air, Electric
- **Fireplaces**: 1
- **Fireplace Features**: Decorative, Electric, Living Room

### Lot and Exterior

- **Lot Size**: 0.13 acres
- **Lot Size Sq Ft**: 5,663
- **Lot Features**: Interior Lot, Landscaped, Subdivision, Sprinkler System
- **Exterior Features**: Barbecue, Gas Grill, Outdoor Grill, Outdoor Kitchen, Outdoor Living Area, Rain Gutters
- **Patio & Porch Features**: Covered
- **Fencing**: Wood
- **Pool**: No

### Parking and Garage

- **Parking**: Door Single, Driveway, Garage, Garage Door Opener, On Street
- **Garage Spaces**: 2
- **Covered Parking**: 2
- **Attached Garage**: Yes

### MLS Tax and HOA Fields

- **Annual Taxes**: $11,306
- **HOA Fee**: $360 SemiAnnually
- **HOA Includes**: All Facilities, Association Management, Maintenance Grounds
- **Parcel Number**: 000000098095
- **APN**: 000000098095
- **Legal Description**: WOODCREEK MUD9 PH 9C-2, BLOCK E, LOT 16
- **Tax Block**: E
- **Tax Lot**: 16

### Utilities

- **Utilities**: Electricity Connected, Natural Gas Available, Municipal Utilities, Sewer Available, Separate Meters, Underground Utilities, Water Available, Cable Available

### Schools

- **Elementary:** Vernon · Royse City ISD
- **Middle:** Bobby Summers · Royse City ISD
- **High:** Royse City · Royse City ISD

### Listing Information

- **Listing Agent**: Jonathan Williams
- **Listing Brokerage**: Regal, REALTORS
- **MLS #**: 21383047
- **MLS Board**: NTREIS
- **List Date**: 2026-09-10
- **Source Updated**: 2026-10-29T21:48:00.000Z
- **Last Updated**: 2026-10-29 23:20:30

## Featured Spaces

### 1. Primary listing photo for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087
- **Caption:** Primary real estate listing photo for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087.
- **Image:** [https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-01.jpeg](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-01.jpeg)

### 2. Listing photo 2 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087
- **Caption:** Real estate listing photo 2 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087.
- **Image:** [https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-02.jpeg](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-02.jpeg)

### 3. Listing photo 3 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087
- **Caption:** Real estate listing photo 3 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087.
- **Image:** [https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-03.jpeg](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-03.jpeg)

### 4. Listing photo 4 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087
- **Caption:** Real estate listing photo 4 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087.
- **Image:** [https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-04.jpeg](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-04.jpeg)

### 5. Listing photo 5 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087
- **Caption:** Real estate listing photo 5 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087.
- **Image:** [https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-05.jpeg](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-05.jpeg)

## Visual Property Index

The ListingContext record contains 40 analyzed public images. This compact index preserves room labels and captions without embedding every image.

| Photo | Room or area | Image title | Caption |
| ---: | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 |  | [Primary listing photo for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-01.jpeg) | Primary real estate listing photo for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 2 |  | [Listing photo 2 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-02.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 2 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 3 |  | [Listing photo 3 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-03.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 3 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 4 |  | [Listing photo 4 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-04.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 4 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 5 |  | [Listing photo 5 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-05.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 5 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 6 |  | [Listing photo 6 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-06.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 6 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 7 |  | [Listing photo 7 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-07.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 7 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 8 |  | [Listing photo 8 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-08.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 8 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 9 |  | [Listing photo 9 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-09.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 9 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 10 |  | [Listing photo 10 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-10.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 10 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 11 |  | [Listing photo 11 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-11.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 11 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 12 |  | [Listing photo 12 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-12.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 12 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 13 |  | [Listing photo 13 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-13.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 13 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 14 |  | [Listing photo 14 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-14.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 14 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 15 |  | [Listing photo 15 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-15.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 15 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 16 |  | [Listing photo 16 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-16.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 16 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 17 |  | [Listing photo 17 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-17.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 17 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 18 |  | [Listing photo 18 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-18.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 18 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 19 |  | [Listing photo 19 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-19.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 19 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 20 |  | [Listing photo 20 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-20.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 20 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 21 |  | [Listing photo 21 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-21.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 21 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 22 |  | [Listing photo 22 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-22.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 22 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 23 |  | [Listing photo 23 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-23.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 23 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 24 |  | [Listing photo 24 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-24.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 24 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 25 |  | [Listing photo 25 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-25.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 25 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 26 |  | [Listing photo 26 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-26.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 26 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 27 |  | [Listing photo 27 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-27.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 27 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 28 |  | [Listing photo 28 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-28.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 28 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 29 |  | [Listing photo 29 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-29.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 29 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 30 |  | [Listing photo 30 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-30.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 30 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 31 |  | [Listing photo 31 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-31.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 31 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 32 |  | [Listing photo 32 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-32.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 32 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 33 |  | [Listing photo 33 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-33.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 33 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 34 |  | [Listing photo 34 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-34.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 34 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 35 |  | [Listing photo 35 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-35.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 35 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 36 |  | [Listing photo 36 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-36.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 36 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 37 |  | [Listing photo 37 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-37.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 37 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 38 |  | [Listing photo 38 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-38.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 38 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 39 |  | [Listing photo 39 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-39.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 39 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |
| 40 |  | [Listing photo 40 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087](https://images.steavycarter.com/21383047-40.jpeg) | Real estate listing photo 40 for 633 Taylor Drive, Fate, TX 75087. |

## Property Video and 3D Tour

- **3D tour:** [Open the Matterport tour](https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=HyCVRrYr5K6&mls=1)

## Schools

- **Elementary:** Vernon · Royse City ISD
- **Middle:** Bobby Summers · Royse City ISD
- **High:** Royse City · Royse City ISD

Buyers should verify current school assignments directly with Rockwall ISD before making decisions based on school zoning.

## Commute Context

- **DFW Airport:** approximately 47 mins (37.6 mi)
- **Dallas Love Field:** approximately 34 mins (27.2 mi)
- **Downtown Dallas:** approximately 32 mins (25.7 mi)
- **The Star in Frisco:** approximately 36 mins (28.6 mi)
- **PGA Frisco:** approximately 42 mins (33.8 mi)

Drive times are route-based estimates and may change with traffic, weather, road work, and route choice.

## Life Around the Property

The categories below are curated display groups. Their order is presentation order, not an objective ranking of the best places.

### Dining

- **Bbq:** True Texas BBQ
- **Pizza:** Zanata, Mona Lisa Pizza
- **Italian:** Luigi's Italian Cafe, Sauce & Vine
- **Fancy Taco:** La Vida Taqueria, Torchy's Tacos
- **Mexican:** Pablo's Restaurant and Cantina, Carmona’s Tacos
- **Burger:** It's Grub:30, Wells Burgers Express

### Errands

- **Goodwill:** Rockwall County Helping Hands Client Assistance & Food Pantry, Ongster Liquidation
- **Bank:** PNC Bank, Guaranty Bank & Trust
- **Premium-Fuel Stop:** 7-Eleven, Buc-ee's
- **Urgent Care:** Hunt Regional Urgent Care
- **Specialty Grocery:** FRESH by Brookshire's
- **Post Shipping:** United States Postal Service

### Activities

- **Parks & Recreation:** Emerald Bay Park, Harry Myers Park
- **Clubs & Sports:** Buffalo Creek Golf Club, Buffalo Creek Swim-Tennis Club
- **Adventure & Action:** City of Rockwall - Harbor Urban Beach, Harry Myers Splash Pad
- **Lifestyle & Music:** Bearded Monkey Sports Bar & Grill, En Fuego Tobacco Shop
- **Steavys Favorites:** En Fuego Tobacco Shop, Harry Myers Park

## CAD Tax and Valuation Summary

| Detail | Value |
|---|---|
| **CAD source** | Rockwall CAD (TrueProdigy) |
| **CAD PID** | 98095 |
| **Tax year** | 2026 |
| **Official CAD page** | [https://www.rockwallcad.com/property-detail/98095/2026](https://www.rockwallcad.com/property-detail/98095/2026) |
| **CAD market value** | $450,959 |
| **CAD land value** | $76,500 |
| **CAD improvement value** | $374,459 |
| **CAD appraised value** | $450,959 |
| **CAD net appraised / current taxed starting point** | $450,959 |
| **Estimated taxes before current exemptions** | $11,305.86 |
| **Current exemption impact** | -$250.71 |
| **Estimated taxes with current exemptions** | $11,055.15 |
| **Total tax rate** | 2.5071% |
| **Parcel size** | 0.13 acres |

These figures describe the current public CAD record. A buyer’s future tax bill may differ based on exemptions, future appraised values, adopted tax rates, and other changes. This is not tax or legal advice.

## List Price vs. CAD Value

| Detail | Value |
|---|---|
| **List price** | $463,900 |
| **CAD market value** | $450,959 |
| **Difference** | +$12,941 Over CAD Value |

CAD market value is not the listing price, a lender appraisal, a prediction of the final sale price, or a future-tax guarantee. The comparison only shows the difference between the current asking price and the county appraisal district’s market-value record.

## CAD Details

| Detail | Value |
|---|---|
| **Legal description** | WOODCREEK MUD9 PH 9C-2, BLOCK E, LOT 16 |
| **Total land value** | $76,500 |
| **Total market acres** | 0.13 |
| **Current special-use reduction** | -$0 |
| **Total improvement value** | $374,459 |

### Taxing Units

| Taxing unit | Rate | Taxable value | Estimated tax with current exemptions | Estimated tax reduction |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| City Of Fate (H) | 0.290869% | $440,959 | $1,282.61 | -$29.09 |
| Rockwall County (H) | 0.251% | $440,959 | $1,106.81 | -$25.10 |
| Royse City ISD (H) | 1.2552% | $440,959 | $5,534.92 | -$125.52 |
| Rw Co Mud9 (H) | 0.71% | $440,959 | $3,130.81 | -$71.00 |

(H) indicates the current record reflects a homestead-related school taxable-value reduction.

### Improvements

#### Residential

- **CAD assessed improvement value:** $374,459
- **Total area:** 3,956 Sq Ft
- **Living area:** 3,201 Sq Ft
- Main Area: 1,868 Sq Ft
- Main Area: 1,333 Sq Ft
- Attached Garage: 447 Sq Ft
- COVERED PORCH: 148 Sq Ft
- COVERED PORCH: 160 Sq Ft

### CAD Market Value History

| Year | CAD market value | Land value | Improvement value | Market YOY change |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2026 | $450,959 | $76,500 | $374,459 | $-17,708 (-3.78%) |
| 2025 | $468,667 | $95,000 | $373,667 | +$9,834 (+2.14%) |
| 2024 | $458,833 | $95,000 | $363,833 | $-20,757 (-4.33%) |
| 2023 | $479,590 | $114,000 | $365,590 | +$290,370 (+153.46%) |
| 2022 | $189,220 | $71,250 | $117,970 | +$139,720 (+282.26%) |
| 2021 | $49,500 | $49,500 | $0 | +$10,500 (+26.92%) |
| 2020 | $39,000 | $39,000 | $0 | +$21,000 (+116.67%) |
| 2019 | $18,000 | $18,000 | $0 | Baseline |

## Local Market Overview (Rockwall)

Over the trailing three months in Rockwall (ZIP 75087), 208 homes sold at a median price of $499,475 ($186/sqft) after a median 52 days on market. Sellers achieved a median 94.7% of original list price (a median $25,000 discount), and CAD-matched transactions closed at a median 5.2% ($24,449) below county tax appraisals, with 67.1% selling under CAD. Buyers secured seller-paid concessions in 57.7% of closings (median $10,000), while 61.7% of the 355 active listings currently carry price reductions.

### Micro-Market Key Statistics

- **Market geography:** Rockwall, TX
- **Evaluation period:** Trailing 3 Months (Jul-Sep 2026)
- **Median closed sale price:** $499,475
- **Median days on market:** 52 days
- **Average sale-to-list ratio:** 94.72%
- **Months of inventory:** 4.9 months
- **Data source & generation:** market_insights (as of 2026-10-31 09:01:09)

## Contact and Request Information

Have questions about this home?

- [Open the complete property page to request information or schedule a showing](https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/)

## Sources, Methodology, and Limitations

- **Canonical visual property page:** [https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/](https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/)
- **Listing facts:** Public listing data normalized through ListingContext.
- **Property summary and Buyer Match:** Approved curated property analysis from `curatedContent`.
- **Visual observations:** Existing titles, captions, and room labels from `media.images.gallery[]` in ListingContext.
- **CAD context:** Public-safe Rockwall CAD information, when available.
- **Local context:** Curated Local Expert groups and route-based commute estimates.
- **3D tour:** [https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=HyCVRrYr5K6&mls=1](https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=HyCVRrYr5K6&mls=1)
- **Official CAD record:** [https://www.rockwallcad.com/property-detail/98095/2026](https://www.rockwallcad.com/property-detail/98095/2026)
- **Structured property data:** [View the property JSON-LD schema](https://www.steavycarter.com/mls/21383047/schema.json)
- **Publisher:** Steavy Carter Realtor – Dallas and Rockwall, Texas.

This Markdown companion is a public reading-layer projection, not a raw JSON dump. It omits owner, deed, protest, private prospecting, raw source-receipt, internal Worker, and internal identifier data. Listing status, price, schools, taxes, and availability should be verified before reliance.